喷射沉积SiCp/Al基复合材料具有优异的力学性能,但因孔隙、沉积颗粒边界、沉积颗粒表面的氧化皮等冶金缺陷无法完全消除而使其应用受限,消除冶金缺陷和改进致密化技术对于提高喷射沉积铝基复合材料的性能和扩大其应用尤为重要.本文论述了喷射沉积颗粒增强铝基复合材料的致密化技术,着重介绍了楔形压制工艺、陶粒轧制、旋球同步致密化等新型致密化技术;展望了喷射沉积铝基复合材料的发展趋势,认为热等静压、陶粒轧制的剪切作用小,不能完全消除孔洞和沉积颗粒边界等缺陷;提出颗粒增强铝基复合材料的喷射沉积制备与致密化同步进行有利于减少晶粒与弥散粒子的粗化,提高复合材料的力学性能和成形性能.采用旋球同步致密减少坯料孔隙,降低坯料沉积坯中的氧含量,再通过楔形压制实现沉积颗粒间的完全冶金结合.
Spray deposited SiCp/Al matrix composite is characterized with its excellent performances,but its application is often limited by inevitable residul pores,boundaries and oxidization films between the deposited particles.Therefore,metallurgical defect elimination and densification technology modification of the spray deposited Al matrix composite are significant to improve performance and to widen application of the composites.The densification technologies introduced and recommended in this paper are especially wedge pressing,ceramic rolling,rotary ball synchronous densification technology during spray depositing process,ect..Developing trends of multi-layer spray deposited aluminum matrix composites are presented.It is considered that hot isostatic pressing and ceramic rolling are hard to eliminate pores and particle boundaries because of their wear shear action;It is suggested that synchronization of spray deposition and densification of Al-matrix composites reinforced with particles is beneficial to keep dispersoids and grains from coarsening,and contribute to mechanical properties and formability of the composite.Rotary ball synchronous densification technology can be used to reduce pores and oxygen content of deposited billet.Subsequently,wedge pressing can be employed to obtain full metallurgical bonding between deposited particles.
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